AUTONEWS
Beef fat can fuel your truck
JBS, a global giant in beef and beef-product production, has already logged over 500,000 kilometers with an extra-heavy-duty DAF truck powered by B100 (100% biodiesel) produced by its subsidiary, Biopower.
Last year, the company received millions in investments to modernize and expand its biodiesel production plants in Lins (São Paulo), Mafra (Santa Catarina), and Campo Verde (Mato Grosso); it projects a production capacity of 650 million liters of the biofuel by the end of 2026.
The fuel produced by Biopower uses animal by-products from JBS’s supply chain—such as beef tallow—and used cooking oil, among other organic materials, as feedstock.
The biodiesel is derived from the esterification reaction of these vegetable and animal fats; it undergoes purification and filtration before being sent to storage tanks. Today, plants like Biopower’s supply biodiesel to the fuel market, where 15% of the product is blended with petroleum diesel before reaching service stations.
500,000 km without failures...The DAF XF truck operated by JBS—fueled entirely by biodiesel—makes a daily run between the city of Lins (São Paulo,Brazil) and the Port of Santos, transporting export cargo such as frozen and chilled foods.
They haul container trailers over routes featuring steep inclines and declines; according to the company, they maintain high efficiency without engine failures or component wear, even when running on 100% biodiesel.
Because biodiesel is derived from vegetable and/or animal fats, it can exhibit certain characteristics that—if stored improperly—may damage vehicle engines. Its composition may include water and organic matter that settle at the bottom of the tank; when drawn into the truck's fuel system, these can cause premature component oxidation and sludge deposits capable of clogging hoses, valves, and diesel engine cavities.
Regarding JBS's biofuel operations, since the company produces the B100 itself, it employs storage practices that maintain biodiesel quality; consequently, the truck experienced no failures.
Generally, trucks running on B100 are specially prepared, undergoing modifications to fuel delivery software, hoses, and valves to handle the pure product. JBS reported that the DAF truck, which reached the 500,000-kilometer mark running on B100 without failure, underwent no such modifications.
"Biopoint" refueling station...According to the company, the B100-powered trucks are refueled at the first 100% biodiesel refueling station—dubbed a "biopoint" by the company—approved by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP), located in Lins, São Paulo.
The refueling station was installed at the JBS complex, which also houses a Biopower unit; the facility features two pumps and a fuel storage capacity of up to 46,000 liters.
Using biofuels like B100—produced by JBS from animal fat and used cooking oil—allows truck operations to avoid emitting approximately 90% of the carbon that a petroleum-diesel vehicle would release.
This is because biodiesel is a non-fossil, 100% renewable fuel made from raw materials that would otherwise be discarded but are instead repurposed through a circular process. Biodiesel offers the same performance and fuel consumption rates as standard diesel.
Beef tallow, a byproduct of meat processing, is finding a new purpose beyond the food industry. In Brazil, the material is already being used as a feedstock for biodiesel production, fueling trucks involved in freight transport operations.
One of the most advanced trials is being conducted by JBS, which has logged over 500,000 kilometers with an extra-heavy DAF truck fueled exclusively by B100—pure biodiesel. For about three years, the vehicle has been traveling the route between Lins, in the interior of São Paulo state, and the Port of Santos, hauling cargo for export. According to the company, the truck required no engine modifications and experienced no mechanical failures during this period.
The fuel is produced by Biopower, a JBS company dedicated to biodiesel production. In addition to beef tallow, the facility uses used cooking oil and other feedstocks to manufacture the biofuel. This initiative expands the possibilities for waste utilization and positions B100 as a viable alternative for specific fleets.
How tallow becomes fuel...Transforming the waste into biodiesel involves a series of industrial steps. The material must undergo treatment and quality control before being used to manufacture the fuel, which must meet specifications set by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP).
In conventional biodiesel production, oils and fats undergo a chemical reaction known as transesterification. During this stage, the triglycerides present in the feedstock react with an alcohol to form esters—which make up the biodiesel—and glycerin as a byproduct.
At Biopower, JBS has also invested in enzymatic esterification technology to boost process efficiency and allow for greater flexibility in the use of feedstocks. This method employs enzymes instead of chemical catalysts and can facilitate the use of various types of waste in production.
Trucks are already using pure biodiesel...The case of the DAF truck is not an isolated experiment within the company's operations. Other vehicles in the JBS fleet have also switched to using exclusively B100 for various transport activities, including container hauling and the transport of live cattle.
The use of pure biodiesel does not yet represent a wholesale replacement of conventional diesel across the entire fleet. B100 usage depends on vehicle specifications, operational requirements, and the regulations governing this type of fueling.
The ANP (National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels) itself maintains specific rules for the voluntary use of biodiesel at concentrations higher than the mandatory blend. In July 2026, the agency began a regulatory review to align its rules with the changes introduced by the "Fuel of the Future" Law.
JBS invests in biodiesel production...The expansion of these trials coincides with Biopower increasing its industrial capacity. The company announced an investment of R$140 million to modernize the three plants it operates in Lins (São Paulo), Mafra (Santa Catarina), and Campo Verde (Mato Grosso).
Planned upgrades include the implementation of enzymatic esterification, with completion expected in 2026. The company projects production exceeding 650 million liters of biodiesel and stated that its facilities have a combined production capacity of over 900 million liters per year.
This strategy aligns with the growth of the Brazilian biodiesel market. ANP data shows that national production reached 9.8 billion liters in 2025, an increase of 8.7% compared to the previous year.
Law mandates increased biodiesel blending...The landscape is also shaped by the "Fuel of the Future" Law, enacted in 2024. This legislation established a gradual increase in the mandatory biodiesel blend for diesel fuel sold in the country. The schedule sets the blend at 15% starting in March 2025, rising to 16% in 2026, with annual increases of one percentage point until reaching 20% in 2030. The legislation also allows the National Energy Policy Council (CNPE) to set higher percentages—up to 25%—provided technical feasibility is demonstrated.
However, this growth does not mean that the diesel sold at service stations will be replaced by B100. Most biodiesel remains earmarked for mandatory blending with fossil diesel. The use of the fuel in its pure form is primarily found in specific projects, fleets, and operations that meet regulatory requirements.
The experience with beef tallow thus reveals an additional opportunity for a byproduct that is already abundant in the meat production chain. Instead of being discarded or put to lower-value uses, a portion of this material can re-enter the production chain as fuel to power freight vehicles on Brazilian highways.
Side effects...The fuel's composition may include water and organic matter that settle at the bottom of the tank; when drawn into the truck's fuel system, these can accelerate component oxidation and lead to sludge deposits capable of clogging hoses, valves, and diesel engine cavities.
Regarding JBS's biofuel operations, the company—being the producer of the B100—employs storage practices that preserve biodiesel quality; consequently, the trucks experienced no malfunctions, the company reports.
Generally, trucks running on B100 are specially prepared for it, undergoing modifications to fuel delivery software, hoses, and valves to handle the pure product. JBS did not disclose whether it had made any such modifications to its trucks.
Beef fat can fuel a truck, but it doesn't go straight from the barbecue to the fuel tank. This waste product, known as beef tallow, undergoes a chemical industrial process called transesterification to be transformed into biodiesel (B100).
Major food industry companies, such as JBS through its subsidiary Biopower, are already using this biofuel in real-world operations. An extra-heavy truck in their fleet recently reached the 500,000-kilometer mark while running exclusively on B100 made from beef tallow and used cooking oil.
How does it work, and what are the benefits?
-No engine modifications: Testing showed that the truck covered this distance on demanding routes (such as the descent from the highlands to the Port of Santos) without requiring mechanical adjustments or showing abnormal component wear.
-Sustainability: Using this fuel reduces carbon emissions by up to 90% compared to traditional fossil diesel.
-Circular economy: Waste from meatpacking plants gains significant value and is transformed into clean energy for road transport.
Necessary precautions...Although performance is excellent, a driver cannot simply produce the fuel at home. Animal-fat biodiesel must comply with strict quality standards set by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP). If the fuel is not properly purified and stored, it can accumulate water and organic matter, creating sludge that clogs filters and hoses and damages the engine.
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